“Brick Islands”, Radiy Pogodin. How the enthusiasm of volunteers made the life of an orphan with a human disability How do you understand the meaning of the word conscience

The boy was tall and thin, with his prohibitively long arms deep in his pockets. The head on the thin neck always leaned forward a little.

The guys nicknamed him Semaphore.

The boy recently moved into this house. He went out into the yard in new shiny galoshes and, raising his legs high, walked out into the street. When he passed by the guys, he lowered his head even lower.

He's imagining! - Mishka was angry. - He doesn’t want to know... - But much more often Mishka shouted: - Semaphore, come here, let’s talk!

The guys also shouted after the boy various mocking and sometimes insulting words. The boy only quickened his pace. Sometimes, if the guys came close to him, he looked at them with blue, very large, clear eyes and silently blushed.

The guys decided that Semaphore was too good a nickname for such a wimp, and began to call the boy simply Sima, and sometimes - to be sure - Sima from number four. And Mishka kept getting angry and grumbling at the sight of the boy:

We need to teach this goose a lesson. Walking here!..

One day Sima disappeared and did not appear in the yard for a long time. A month or two passed... Winter began to weaken and ruled the streets only at night. During the day, a warm wind blew from the Gulf of Finland. The snow in the yard began to wrinkle, turned gray, and turned into a wet, dirty mess. And on these warm spring days, Sima appeared again. His galoshes were as new as if he had never worn them at all. The neck is wrapped even more tightly with a scarf. Under his arm he held a black sketchbook.

Sima looked at the sky, squinted as if unaccustomed to the light, and blinked. Then he headed to the far corner of the yard, to someone else’s front door.

Hey, Sima got out!.. - Mishka whistled in surprise. - I made an acquaintance, no way.

Lyudmilka lived along the stairs where Sima walked.

Sima walked up to the front door and began to slowly walk back and forth, hesitantly looking into the dark opening of the stairs.

“He’s waiting,” Krugly Tolik grinned, “for his Lyudmilka.”

Or maybe not Lyudmilka at all,” Keshka put in. - Why should he get involved with Lyudmilka?

Tolik looked at Keshka slyly, “We know they’re not small,” and said:

What is he doing there then?.. Maybe breathing air?..

Maybe,” Keshka agreed.

Mishka listened to them bicker and thought about something.

It’s time to act,” he suddenly intervened. - Let's go talk to this Sima.

Let’s go,” Tolik supported.

Bear and Round Tolik moved forward shoulder to shoulder. Keshka also joined them. At the decisive moment you cannot leave your comrades - this is called honor. Several more guys joined the three friends. They walked along the sides and behind.

Noticing the army approaching him, Sima raised his head, as always, blushed and smiled timidly.

What are you doing?.. - Mishka began. - What’s here?.. Well, what?

Sima blushed even deeper. Muttered:

Nothing... I'm walking...

It turns out he’s walking,” laughed Round Tolik.

Mishka leaned forward, put his hands behind his back, turned sideways to Sima and spoke slowly, threateningly:

Maybe you don’t consider us to be people?.. Yes?.. Maybe you’re brave?.. Let’s go and have a chat...

Sima looked around at all the guys with his huge eyes and opened his mouth slightly.

What did I do to you?

But we are not going to beat you, we will always have time... I say, let’s go one-on-one... Let’s see what kind of ostrich you are, so extraordinary that you don’t want to come near us.

With you? - asked Sima.

Mishka stuck out his lip and nodded.

Sima looked at his feet and quite unexpectedly objected:

So it's very dirty.

The guys laughed together. And Mishka looked contemptuously at Sima from head to toe.

Maybe I should lay out a Persian rug for you?

Sima clutched the black album to himself, stomped around and asked:

Let’s wait, and... when will the sun be there?

When the guys had laughed enough, Mishka stepped forward and snatched the album from Sima’s hands.

He needs the sun... Come on, let me see!

Sima turned pale and was about to grab Mishka’s hand, but the guys immediately pushed him away.

And Mishka has already opened the black calico cover.

On the first page of the album, in beautiful colored letters, was written: “To teacher Maria Alekseevna from Grigoriev Kolya.”

He is engaging in sycophancy... I see! - Misha said this in such a tone as if he did not expect anything else.

Give me the album,” Sima asked behind the guys’ backs. He tried to push the crowd aside, but the boys stood tightly. Some laughed, and Mishka shouted:

You sycophant are not very good, otherwise I won’t even wait for the sun, I’ll hit you with a portion of pasta down the neck!

Wow, great!..

The guys sat on Mishka.

Caravels, frigates, cruisers, and submarines moved forward. Watercolor storms and typhoons raged... And one drawing even depicted a giant tornado. Sailors from a small boat fired a cannon at the tornado.

Keshka jumped up and down with delight. He nudged Mishka by the elbow and asked:

Mishka, give me a picture?.. Well, Mishka...

Everyone forgot that the album belonged to Sima, they even forgot that Sima was standing here next to him.

Mishka closed the album and looked over the heads of the guys at the artist.

You sycophant Sima, listen... We will act according to honor and conscience. So that you don’t suck up to the teachers next time, we’ll distribute your pictures to everyone who wants them. It's clear? - And, without waiting for an answer, he shouted: - Well, come over!.. Beautiful pictures from sea life!..

The pages in the album were tied with white silk ribbon. Mishka untied the bow on the cover, crumpled up the first page with the inscription and began handing out pictures.

Keshka received the four-tube cruiser “Varyag”, a frigate with a black pirate flag. Motley little men with huge sabers and pistols were running along the deck of the frigate... I asked for another monkey on a palm tree and high mountain with white sugar top.

Having distributed all the pictures, Mishka walked up to Sima and pushed him in the chest.

Get out now!.. Do you hear?

Sima’s lips trembled, he covered his eyes with his hands in gray knitted gloves and, shuddering, went to his stairs.

Follow the sun! - Mishka shouted after him.

The guys showed off their trophies to each other. But their fun was unexpectedly interrupted. Lyudmilka appeared at the front door.

Hey, give me some pictures, otherwise I’ll tell you everything about you... Why did they offend Sima?

Well, what did I say? “They are at one with each other,” Round Tolik jumped up to Keshka. “Now they would go to the teacher’s arm…” Tolik bent, made his hand like a pretzel and walked, wobbling, a few steps.

Lyudmilka flushed.

I’m not familiar with this Simka at all...

Well, then there’s no need to poke your nose in! - said Mishka. - Let's go, I say! - He stamped his foot as if he was about to rush at Lyudmilka.

Lyudmilka jumped to the side, slipped and fell into the snowy mess at the threshold of the stairs. There was a huge wet spot on the pink coat with white fur trim. Lyudmilka roared:

And I’ll tell you about this too... You’ll see!..

Ooh, squeaky! - Mishka waved his hand. - Let's get out of here, guys...

At the woodpile, in their favorite place, the boys again began to look at the drawings. Only Mishka sat with his head down, rubbing his palm under his nose (this was his habit).

What kind of teacher is this, Maria Alekseevna? - he muttered. - Maybe the one who lives on Lyudmilka’s stairs?..

I came up with it... She hasn’t been working at school for three years now, she retired,” Round Tolik objected nonchalantly.

Mishka looked at him indifferently.

Where are you so smart when you don’t have to... - He stood up, angrily kicked the log on which he had just been sitting, and, turning to the guys, began to select the pictures. - Come on, come on, I say...

Keshka did not want to part with the ships and the palm tree, but he gave them to Mishka without a word. After Sima left, he felt uneasy.

Mishka collected all the sheets and put them back into the album.

The first page with the dedication was damaged. Mishka smoothed it out on his knee and also put it under the cover.

The next day the sun ruled the sky. It dissolved the slurry of snow and drove it in cheerful streams to the hatches in the middle of the yard. Chips, pieces of birch bark, soggy paper, and matchboxes dived into the whirlpools above the gratings. Everywhere, in every drop of water, small multi-colored suns flashed, like scattered beads. Sunbeams were chasing each other on the walls of the houses. They jumped on the children’s noses, cheeks, and flashed in the children’s eyes. Spring!

The janitor, Aunt Nastya, was sweeping debris from the grates. The guys poked holes with sticks, and water fell noisily into the dark wells. By lunchtime the asphalt had dried out. Only rivers of dirty water continued to flow from under the woodpiles.

The boys were building a dam out of bricks.

Mishka, running from school, hung his bag on a nail driven into a huge log and began to build a reservoir.

Let’s hurry up,” he strained himself, “or all the water will run away from under the woodpile!”

The guys were carrying bricks, sand, wood chips... and then they noticed Sima.

Sima stood not far from the gate with a briefcase in his hands, as if he was wondering where to go - home or to the guys.

Ah, Sima!.. - Mishka shouted. “The sun is in the sky... It’s dry, look,” Mishka pointed to a large dried bald spot. - So what do you say?

Maybe bring a pillow? - Tolik sarcastically.

The guys laughed, vying with each other to offer their services: carpet, rugs and even straw, so that Sima would not feel harsh. Sima stood in the same place for a while and moved towards the guys. The conversations immediately stopped.

“Come on,” Sima said simply.

Mishka stood up, wiped his wet hands on his pants, and took off his coat.

Until first blood or at full strength?

“With all our might,” Sima answered, not too loudly, but very decisively. This meant that he agreed to fight to the end, as long as his hands were raised and his fingers clenched into a fist. It doesn’t matter here whether your nose is bleeding or not. The one who says: “Enough is enough, I give up…” is considered defeated.

The boys formed a circle. Sima hung his briefcase on the same nail as Mishka’s bag, took off his coat, and tied the scarf tightly around his neck. Tolik clapped his hands and said: “Bam-mm!.. Gong!”

Mishka raised his fists to his chest and jumped around Sima. Sima also put out his fists, but it was clear from everything that he did not know how to fight. As soon as Mishka approached, he put his hand forward, trying to reach Mishka’s chest, and immediately received a blow to the ear.

The guys thought that he would roar and run to complain, but Sima pursed his lips and waved his arms like a mill. He was advancing. He kneaded the air with his fists. Sometimes his blows got Mishka, but he put his elbows under them.

Sima received another slap on the wrist. Yes, such that he could not resist and sat down on the asphalt.

Well, maybe that's enough? - Mishka asked peacefully.

Sima shook his head, stood up and started shaking his hands again.

Spectators are very worried during a fight. They jump up and down, wave their arms, and imagine that they are helping their friend.

Bear, what are you doing today!.. Misha, give it to me!

Teddy bear... Well!

Sima, this is not for you to engage in sycophancy... Misha!

And only one of the guys suddenly shouted:

Sima, hold on... Sima, give me! - It was Kolika shouting. - Why are you waving your hands? You hit...

The bear fought without much passion. Among the spectators there would be those ready to swear that Mishka felt sorry for Sima. But after Keshka’s shout, Mishka stood up and began to thresh. Sima bent over and only occasionally put out his hand to push his opponent away.

Atas! - Tolik suddenly shouted and was the first to rush into the gateway. Lyudmilka’s mother hurriedly walked towards the woodpile; Lyudmilka performed a little further away. Noticing that the boys were running away, Lyudmilka’s mother quickened her pace.

Mishka grabbed his coat and dashed into the gateway, where all the spectators had already disappeared. Only Keshka didn’t have time. He hid behind a woodpile.

But Sima did not see or hear anything. He still stood bent over, deaf from the blows. And since Mishka’s fists suddenly stopped falling on him, he apparently decided that the enemy was tired and went on the offensive. His first attack hit Lyudmilka’s mother in the side, the second - in the stomach.

What are you doing? - she squealed. - Lyudochka, did he push you into a puddle?

“No,” Lyudmilka whined. - This is Sima, they beat him. And Mishka pushed. He ran into the gateway.

Sima raised his head and looked around in confusion.

Why did they beat you, boy? - asked Lyudmilka’s mother.

“But they didn’t beat me at all,” Sima answered gloomily.

But I saw it myself...

It was a duel. - Sima put on his coat, took his briefcase off the nail, and started to walk away.

But then Lyudmilka’s mother asked:

Whose bag is this?

Mishkina! - Lyudmilka shouted. - We need to take it. Then the bear will come on its own.

Then Keshka jumped out from behind the woodpile, grabbed his bag and ran to the front door.

Run after me! - he shouted to Sima.

This Keshka is Mishka’s friend,” Lyudmilka roared.

In the front door, the boys took a breath and sat down on the step of the stairs.

My name is Keshka. Aren't you in a lot of pain?..

Not, no so much…

They sat for a while and listened to Lyudin’s mother threaten to go to Mishka’s school, to Mishka’s parents, and even to the police, to the department for combating child neglect.

Did you want to give this album to your teacher? - Keshka suddenly asked.

Sima turned away.

No, Maria Alekseevna. She has been retired for a long time. When I got sick, she found out and came. She worked with me for two months... for free. I specially drew this album for her.

Keshka whistled. And in the evening he came to Mishka.

Bear, give Sima the album. It was when he was sick that Maria Alekseevna worked with him... for free...

“I know it myself,” answered Mishka. All evening he was taciturn, turned away, tried not to look into the eyes. Keshka knew Mishka and knew that this was not without reason. And the next day this is what happened.

Towards evening, Sima went out into the yard. He still walked with his head down and blushed when Mishka and Tolik ran up to him. He probably thought that he would be called to fight again: yesterday no one gave up, but he needs to see this matter through to the end. But Mishka gave him his red wet hand.

Okay, Sima, peace.

“Come with us to build a reservoir,” Tolik suggested. - Don’t be shy, we won’t tease you...

Simya’s big eyes lit up, because it’s nice for a person when Mishka himself looks at him as an equal, and is the first to offer his hand.

Give him the album! - Keshka hissed in Mishka’s ear.

Mishka frowned and did not answer.

The brick dam was leaking. The water in the reservoir did not hold. The rivers tried to avoid it.

The guys were frozen, smeared, and even wanted to make a channel in the asphalt. But they were interrupted by a little old lady in a downy scarf.

She approached Sima and meticulously examined his coat and scarf.

Buckle up, Kolya! You'll catch a cold again... - Then she looked at him affectionately and added: - Thank you for the gift.

Sima blushed deeply and muttered, ashamed:

Which present?..

Album. - The old woman looked at the children, as if convicting them of complicity, and solemnly said: - “Dear teacher Maria Aleksevna, a good person.”

Sima blushed even deeper. He didn't know where to go, he was suffering.

I didn't write that...

I wrote, I wrote! - Keshka suddenly clapped his hands... - He showed us this album, with ships...

Mishka stood next to Sima, looked at the old woman and said rather dully:

Of course, he wrote... Only he is embarrassed by us, he thinks we will tease him with sycophants. Oddball!

Essays for the collection “OGE – 2018. Tsybulko. 36 options"

Essay on the topic “The boy was tall and thin, he kept his exorbitantly long arms deep in his pockets” (Option 1)

15.1 Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the famous linguist Valentina Danilovna Chernyak: “Emotional-evaluative words include words that are associated with the expression of any feeling, attitude towards a person, assessment of the subject of speech, situations and communication”

The famous linguist V.D. Chernyak writes about emotional-evaluative words that they are associated with feelings, attitude or assessment. I think that such words help us understand the characters and the author's intention. For example, in the text by R. P. Pogodin many such words are used. Let's say in sentence 13 Mishka says about Sim that he “got out.” This word shows us Mishka’s contemptuous attitude towards another hero. In sentence 16, he addresses Sima not by name, but very rudely: by the personal pronoun “you”. Next, he calls Sima a sycophant, says that he is sucking up - this also shows us his rudeness and contempt.

Emotional and expressive words make literary work more expressive.

15.2 Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of sentences 55-56 of the text: “The bear stood up and began to take pictures from the guys. He collected all the sheets and put them back in the album."

In an excerpt from the work of R. P. Pogodin, we read about the relationship between children from the same yard. They didn't like one of the boys, so they suspected him of various nasty things: for example, that he was a sycophant. Without figuring it out, they take the album from Sima and sort out the pictures. Only after some time, their “leader” Mishka suddenly realizes that the album was intended for an old teacher who no longer works at the school (this is stated in sentence 52). And from sentences 53 and 54 it becomes clear why Sima wanted to thank her: she helped him study during a serious illness. When Misha realized this, he felt ashamed, and he began to take the pictures away from the guys and put them back in the album. From sentences 67-75 we understand that the guys gave Maria Alekseevna the drawings that Sima made for her.

These words mean that Misha knew how to admit his mistakes and correct them.

15.3 How do you understand the meaning of the word CONSCIENCE? Formulate and comment on the definition you have given. Write an essay-argument on the topic: “What is conscience?”, taking the definition you gave as the thesis.

Conscience is a person’s ability to realize that he is wrong; it restrains from doing a bad thing or reproaches if a person has already done wrong.

In an excerpt from the work of R.P. Pogodin, Mishka took away from Sima an album with drawings that he made for the teacher, but then Mishka realized that he was wrong. His conscience reproached him, and he decided to correct his mistake. I took the drawings from my friends and still gave them to the teacher.

Both in life and in literature, we often encounter situations in which a person experiences pangs of conscience. For example, in the novel by A. S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin” main character judges himself harshly for his cowardice. Fearing public condemnation, Eugene went to a duel with a friend and accidentally killed him. Onegin punishes himself - sends him into exile.

Each person must act in accordance with the requirements of his conscience.

Essay on the topic “The quiet chirping of birds sounded joyful in spring...” (Option 2)

15.1 Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the famous linguist Dietmar Elyashevich Rosenthal: “Our grammatical system provides many options for expressing the same thought.”

The grammatical system of the Russian language offers the speaker various syntactic structures to express the same thing. They are synonymous.

For example, sentences with participial phrases and subordinate clauses are synonymous. True, it is not always possible to replace a subordinate clause with an adverbial phrase, but if you can, the text becomes livelier and more energetic. This is probably why such constructions are preferred by V. O. Bogomolov, with an excerpt from whose book I became acquainted. This text contained a lot of adverbial phrases and singular adverbs. For example, in sentences 3, 5, 7, 12, 13 we find such constructions.

However, sometimes the writer prefers subordinate clauses: in sentences 21, 23 and some others. This makes the text more expressive and beautiful.

15.2 Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of the last sentences of the text: “There is no plan,” Vitka said gloomily with his characteristic directness. - And combat support too. This is irresponsibility and my oversight. I am responsible for this."

The hero-narrator, after heavy fighting, forgot that he was ordered to set up a guard and sketch out a plan of action in the event of an enemy attack (sentence 21). This was indeed necessary, but the narrator neglected it, albeit unintentionally, and because of his forgetfulness, his friend, battalion commander Vitka, suffered. But the commander took all the blame upon himself, realizing that the brigade commander could punish him and, in any case, would scold him. The words “This is irresponsibility and my oversight. I am responsible for this,” they say that the battalion commander is an honest person who is not capable of letting a friend down; in addition, he is ready to be responsible for everything that happens in his unit. The narrator was confident in his friend, this is stated in sentence 24, he was very ashamed that his friend would suffer through his fault.

Sometimes friends have to correct each other's mistakes.

15.3 How do you understand the meaning of the word CONSCIENCE? Formulate and comment on the definition you have given. Write an essay-argument on the topic: “What is conscience?”, taking the definition you gave as the thesis.

Conscience is a feature of a person’s personality. Anyone who has a conscience will try under no circumstances to commit a bad act. If he accidentally does something bad, then his conscience torments him and forces him to correct the evil caused.

In an excerpt from the work of V. O. Bogomolov, the hero-narrator forgot to carry out the instructions of his friend the battalion commander, and because of this, the brigade commander scolded Vitka. But the friend did not betray his friend, but took the blame upon himself. The narrator was very ashamed of this.

We often come across examples of pangs of conscience in literature and life. For example, in F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Brothers Karamazov,” one boy, Ilyusha, succumbing to the persuasion of the evil student Rakitin, treated a stray dog ​​with a piece of bread with a pin. The dog squealed and ran away. The boy thought that Bug had died, and this tormented him terribly, he even became seriously ill. But, fortunately, it later turned out that the dog survived.

Conscience is very necessary for every person.

Essay on the topic “In a school called “Republic of SHKID”, at the same time as the newcomer Panteleev, a decrepit old woman, the director’s mother, appeared...” (OPTION 3)

15.1 Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the famous linguist Dmitry Nikolaevich Shmelev: “The figurative meaning of a word enriches our language, develops and transforms it.”

In the Russian language, along with unambiguous words, there are a huge number of words that have not one, but two or more meanings. If you look into Dictionary, then you can be sure that there are even more such words than unambiguous ones. Of course, this is no coincidence. Polysemantic words add expressiveness to speech. A joke like a pun is based on the use of different meanings of one polysemantic word; The figurative meaning of the word allows you to make your statement brighter.

For example, in L. Panteleev’s text in sentence 11 we read about how a pile of flat cakes “melted.” This word is used in the figurative meaning of “decreased in size,” and we can easily imagine this picture: a bunch of flat cakes becomes smaller and smaller, and then they disappear altogether.

In sentence 20, the author writes about the boy that his lips “jumped.” This is also a word with a figurative meaning. As we read, we immediately understand that the new guy is almost crying with anger and resentment, he is so shocked by the actions of the guys.

Words in a figurative sense are often used in fiction as a means of expression.

15.2 Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of sentences 47-49 of the text: “You know, Lyonka, you’re great,” said the Japanese, blushing and sniffling. - Forgive us, please. I’m saying this not only on my own behalf, but on behalf of the whole class.”

The action of the book “Republic of SHKID” takes place in a colony. The guys who got there are, of course, not angels. Most of them stole on the street so as not to die of hunger, and some of their habits remained at that moment, which is described in the episode with the stolen flatbreads.

But the new Panteleev was more honest than the others: it seemed dishonest to him to steal from a blind old woman, so the other colonists beat him, and the director, without understanding, punished Panteleev, because he did not deny his guilt.

The other colonists felt ashamed. That is why the Japanese blushed when he asked Lyonka for forgiveness. The guys suddenly realized that it was possible to live more honestly than they did: not to offend the weak, not to shift the blame onto others. This is stated in the words of the Japanese (in sentences 40 - 42). But going to the director and confessing is still too heroic an act for guys who are not used to living honestly. As a result, no one supports the Japanese proposal, but still the guys felt guilty and agreed with the apology. Therefore, Lyonka made peace with the guys (sentence 51-52).

15.3 How do you understand the meaning of the word CONSCIENCE?

Conscience is what allows a person to be human, a sense of the rightness or wrongness of an action, a kind of compass. Anyone who has a conscience understands how to act and how not to, and he tries to avoid bad actions even if no one will know about them.

Conscience helps us evaluate ourselves. Unfortunately, not everyone has a conscience. Some people think that she causes only problems: she reproaches, does not give peace, but a person strives for happiness and peace. It also happens that someone’s conscience has not yet been properly formed. For example, in this text we see children who did not listen to their conscience, because it rather hindered them when they lived on the street and were forced to steal and cheat so as not to die of hunger. But Lyonka’s honest act first shocked them and caused aggression, and then made their best feelings awaken. They felt ashamed, which means that they became a little better than they were before.

Conscience makes a person feel ashamed for others if they do something bad. I came across such an example in literature - in the story “Doll” by E. Nosov. The hero of this story, Akimych, is ashamed of those people who pass by a mutilated doll and do not pay attention to this disgrace. He buries the doll and says: “You can’t bury everything.” I think he means that unscrupulous people, with the silent connivance of others, have already committed a lot of evil, it is already difficult to correct it. The author calls on those in whom conscience is still alive not to get used to bad things, but to try to correct them.

Conscience is the core in a person’s soul.

Essay on the topic “I stood in a dark, cold circus stable...” (Option 5)

15.1. Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the famous Russian linguist Lyudmila Alekseevna Vvedenskaya: “Any deviations from the norm must be situationally and stylistically justified”

The famous linguist L.A. Vvedenskaya has a saying: “Any deviations from the norm must be situationally and stylistically justified.”

The Russian language is a rich and ideally constructed system; this language is able to deeply and vividly describe the entire gamut of human emotions. A person who uses the Russian language has a whole arsenal of phraseological units, sayings, an incredible number of synonyms, comparisons, metaphors, etc.

But still, every person has situations, joyful or bitter, when he sometimes lacks generally accepted norms to express his feelings. But in order to deviate from the general rules of language, the speaker or writer must have motives. These motives are explained by a specific situation, according to Vvedenskaya’s statement. For example, in the sentence “I stood in a darkened cold stable next to my sick friend and with all my heart wanted to help her.” The author here is talking about a friend, and then that he wanted to help “her.” The text is about the circus elephant Lyalka. Why does the author call her a friend and not a girlfriend? After all, if “she” means “friend”. The fact is that the author sincerely worries about the elephant and is very afraid that she will not recover, because she is very dear to him. The word “friend” contains much more meaning than “girlfriend”. Friend is close person, he will support and reassure, he will always be there. In this case, given how much the author cares for Lyalka, the use of the word “friend” can be justified.

He turns to Lyalka, who has already recovered. The author speaks to the animal as if it can understand his words. From this exclamation it is clear how sincerely glad the author is that the elephant recovered and ate the food. Here, addressing these words to an animal is justified by the author’s genuine joy.

15.2. Explain how you understand the meaning of the text fragment: “We always go ahead with our firecrackers and whistles, we, clowns, clowns and entertainers, and next to us, of course, are beautiful, cheerful elephants.”

The story “Lalka the Elephant” tells how the author is very worried about his friend, an elephant named Lyalka. She became seriously ill and refused to eat. All night the author imagined Lyalka getting cold and trembling, but the next morning it turned out that she had already recovered. The way she cheerfully trumpeted spoke about the good mood of the elephant. To celebrate, the author came up with the thought: “We always go ahead with our firecrackers and whistles, we, clowns, clowns and entertainers, and next to us, of course, are beautiful, cheerful elephants.” This means that in any case, life, love for this life and work wins. Despite the threat of illness, Lyalka won and is ready to continue to delight the children with her performances.

From the sentence “Seeing me and immediately recognizing me, Lyalka trumpeted triumphantly,” we see that the elephant is very happy with her friend and wants to show him that the illness has receded and she is ready to get back into action again.

The author is so happy with Lyalka’s mood, he is proud that they are the ones who organize a holiday for people, that clowns and clowns allow them to plunge back into a carefree childhood. Lyalka fully supports the author in this and seems to say: “Let the amazing cavalcade of joy and happiness in life always dance!”

Kindness is the ability to empathize and put yourself in another person’s shoes.

There are many definitions of the word “kindness”, but I will focus on the fact that it is, first of all, empathy, compassion. To do good, you need to be able to take on the grief and troubles of others, and then act as you would like to be treated.

If a person or animal is in trouble, you need to show your nobility and willingness to help, because these are the traits that characterize a real Person.

Kindness is visible in the behavior of the author of the story “Lalka the Elephant.” He worries about the animal with all his heart. The author prepared medicine for Lyalka, then did not sleep all night, thinking about her, how bad she was. In the morning, seeing nothing, he ran to her and fed her. The author does good for the elephant, as for a real friend.

What motivates us when we give money for the treatment of a child we don’t know, help frail old people, give up our seat on the bus, or pick up a hungry stray cat? Of course, kindness. It is she who helps us preserve this world and all the best that is in it.

An essay on the topic “We stood last days June..." (Option 6)

15.1. Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the famous Russian writer Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov: “Ellipses are traces on the tiptoes of words that have passed away.”

Despite all the richness of the Russian language, every person at certain moments in life is faced with a situation when he cannot find the right words; when it seems: here they are, on the tip of his tongue, but he is not able to pronounce them, although they are clearly implied in speech.

This phenomenon is confirmed by the statement of the Russian writer V.V. Nabokov: “Ellipses are traces on tiptoes of departed words.” If in a conversation we can understand from a person’s behavior that he is not telling something, then in written speech this function is performed by an ellipsis.

In the sentence “Well, Grishuk, get better without me...” Emelya said goodbye to his grandson, who was seriously ill. “And I’ll go get the deer,” we clearly see how difficult it is for the grandfather to leave one sick boy, but he has no other choice. The ellipsis in this sentence clearly shows Emelya’s anxiety, sadness, and concern for her grandson.

We can say that ellipsis is used to save language resources.

Further, after returning from the hunt empty-handed and after his grandson’s questions whether the grandfather shot the fawn, Emelya says: “No, Grishuk... I saw it... He’s yellow himself, and his face is black. He stands under a bush and plucks leaves... I took aim..."

Here, under the ellipses, one can clearly see the desire of the deed to console Grisha, to explain to him that his hand did not rise to shoot a defenseless deer.

An ellipsis is an understatement that can be easily guessed from the context and behavior of the character.

15.2. Explain how you understand the meaning of the ending of the text: “Grisha fell asleep and all night saw a little yellow fawn who was happily walking through the forest with his mother, and the old man slept on the stove and also smiled in his sleep.”

The text ends with the sentence “Grisha fell asleep and all night he saw a little yellow fawn, who was happily walking through the forest with his mother, and the old man slept on the stove and also smiled in his sleep.”

Emel's grandfather went into the forest, hoping to get a deer, and exactly the one that his Grishutka so wanted. But seeing how the deer bravely defended her cub, risking her life, he could not shoot, although the animals were only a few steps away from him.

To his grandson’s question, he answered: “When he whistled, and he, a calf, ran into the thicket - that’s all they saw. He ran away, shot like that...”

Grishutka was glad that the little yellow fawn remained alive and listened with pleasure to the stories of the case. Sincere childish joy can be seen in the following sentences: “The old man told the boy for a long time how he searched for a calf in the forest for three days and how it ran away from him. The boy listened and laughed merrily with his old grandfather.”

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the word KINDNESS?

Our world rests on kindness, responsiveness, and willingness to help others. Kindness is what holds everything beautiful in our lives. If we did not show kindness and compassion to any living creature, we would simply disappear from the face of the earth. By showing kindness and accepting it from others, we know that everything is still good in our lives, not all is lost.

This text perfectly demonstrates the act of mercy and kindness. The old hunter lost three days; his sick grandson was waiting for him at home. Luck was right in front of the old man. But when he saw how selflessly the doe protected her cub, he felt sorry for both of them. Instead of returning home with rich booty, he chose to give life to defenseless animals. What is this if not a manifestation of kindness? The old man remembered who his granddaughter miraculously survived the attack of wolves, however, at the cost of his mother’s life.

This is all shown in the sentences “Exactly what broke in old Emelya’s chest, and he lowered the gun. The hunter quickly stood up and whistled - the small animal disappeared into the bushes with the speed of lightning.”

IN real life There are many cases when people, risking their lives and health, saved children in trouble, pulled them out of burning houses, rescued them from water, from animal attacks.

All these cases give us hope that we will not be left without a helping hand if we get into trouble.

Essay on the topic “Now Kolka, Vovka and Olya rarely met: vacation...” (Option 7)

15.1. Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the famous Russian linguist Irina Borisovna Golub: “In artistic speech, the use of homogeneous members of a sentence is a favorite means of enhancing its expressiveness.”

Russian linguist I. B. Golub has a saying: “In artistic speech, the use of homogeneous members of a sentence is a favorite means of enhancing its expressiveness.”

Often it is not enough for a speaker to express his thoughts using only one word, one synonym or description. In order to give persuasiveness and expressiveness to his speech, a person can use homogeneous members of the sentence, as, for example, in the sentence “But he said it as if he had been there and seen it, and Olya’s eyes opened even wider.”

Here the homogeneous members of the sentence are the words “was” and “saw”. In order to understand the meaning of the sentence, it would be enough to use only one of them, but the use of both of them gave dynamism and brightness to the sentence.

The feelings and melancholy of the main character can be seen in the sentence “I watched how the arrow rotated, how it trembled, where it pointed.” It would be enough to say that the boy was looking at the compass, but the words “spinning,” “trembling,” “pointing” convey how dear his compass is to the boy.

Kolka's compassion shows that he does not even expect to get a puppy for the compass. It is enough for him that the dog will live. He is ready to lose what is so dear to him, just to know that the puppy will not be drowned: “I’m not for good,” Kolka sighed. - Let him live with you, if you want. I am for you not to drown.”

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the word KINDNESS?

The age-old question - what is kindness? Each person will answer it differently, based on their own life experience. For some, kindness is the willingness to help those weaker and more helpless than oneself; for others, it is the ability to sympathize, to share the pain and grief of one’s neighbor.

I believe that kindness implies a willingness to make any sacrifice so that innocent people do not suffer Living being, it doesn't matter if it's human or animal. You show goodness if you stop cruelty and injustice without thinking about how it will turn out for you. On the contrary, you condone evil if you silently observe it, without even participating in it.

Kindness is when a person does not pass by someone else’s misfortune or trouble, believing that it does not concern him. In the text, the boy Kolka is ready to sacrifice a thing dear to him for free in order to save a puppy, which he will not receive: “That’s what they decided. Vovka dragged the puppy home, Olka ran away, and Kolka went to say goodbye with the compass. I watched how the arrow rotated, how it trembled, where it pointed.”

I once had to observe one case. A sick dog lay in a collar on a busy road, breathing heavily. People passed by, looking at the animal with disgust. Only one girl dared to approach her, without fear of human judgment and opinion. She gave the dog water and moved it away from the road onto the grass.

In this case, it was more important for the person to help, to show kindness, than what others might think.

Essay on the topic “That night there were long, cold rains...” (OPTION 8)

15.1. Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the famous Russian linguist Irina Borisovna Golub: “Definitely personal sentences, in comparison with two-part sentences, give speech dynamism and brevity.”

The famous linguist I. B. Golub has a saying: “Definitely personal sentences, in comparison with two-part sentences, give speech dynamism and brevity.”

Native speakers, and not only others, can express their thoughts without using personal pronouns to save language resources and time. They, of course, give the sentence greater specificity, but they can still be omitted for the sake of brevity without losing the meaning of the sentence. For example, in the sentence “Let’s cook porridge!” the soldiers could have said: “We’ll cook porridge!”, but they used a definitely personal proposal. The exclusion of the pronoun “we” gave the sentence brevity and a sense of unity among the soldiers, their common joy.

15.2. Explain how you understand the meaning of the ending of the text: “The orderly also smiled and, stroking the nearest dog, answered: “They ate the oatmeal.” But they got you there on time.”

The text ends with the sentence “The orderly also smiled and, stroking the nearest dog, answered: “They ate the oatmeal.” But they got you there on time.”

The story tells about a difficult, wartime time. Cold, hunger, no food, the soldiers eat only water and crackers. And what happiness it was when soldier Lukashuk suddenly found a bag of oatmeal, which seemed like a real treasure to the poor soldiers. They were already looking forward to eating plenty of hearty porridge. But suddenly the owner of this bag showed up and took it away.

After a while, when things got better with the food, soldier Lukashuk was saved by the very man who took it from them then last hope- a bag of oatmeal. He turned out to be a military orderly.

It seems that this orderly is making excuses to Lukashuk for what happened then. He makes it clear to the wounded man: thanks to the fact that he gave the porridge to the dogs, they managed to take him out on a sled and thereby save him. After all, if the orderly had not done this, the animals would have weakened from hunger and, perhaps, thanks to this particular incident, Lukashuk remained alive, because the dogs got him there on time. This is how it happens in life: what at first glance seems like destruction, in fact, unexpectedly becomes salvation.

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the word KINDNESS?

Kindness is a life phenomenon when a person helps others, despite the fact that for him this is fraught with some inconvenience, loss of time, etc. This means giving another a piece of his warmth, without being afraid of freezing himself.

Know what you did today better life For someone, to realize that you have done good to someone is not happiness? The joy and satisfaction from giving is much stronger than in a situation when you receive something yourself. Kindness makes the life of each of us better and brighter. If you do good to someone, that someone along the chain will do good to someone else.

The text contains an example of showing kindness and compassion. The orderly, who took the bag of oatmeal from the soldiers, gave it all to the hungry dogs, although he himself could get enough of it, because it was a very hungry war time. Thanks to the fact that the orderly, to his own detriment, fed the animals, they were able to gain strength and bring the wounded and injured on sleds. This is what is said in the sentence “They ate the oatmeal.” But they got you there on time.”

There are many people who, despite being busy and having limited finances, visit orphans in orphanages and helpless old people left alone. These people share with them not only material assets, but also with warmth, which means life becomes brighter for someone.

Essay on the topic “At dusk, Bidenko and Gorbunov went out on reconnaissance, taking Vanya Solntsev with them...” (OPTION 9)

15.1. Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement taken from Literary Encyclopedia: “By making the characters talk to each other, instead of conveying their conversation from himself, the author can add appropriate shades to such dialogue. He characterizes his heroes by theme and manner of speech.”

Every book lover knows how well monologues or dialogues of characters characterize them, clearly highlighting their literacy, education and other individual characteristics.

For convenience, the author could simply briefly convey the essence of the conversation between two or more book characters, but it is the schedule of their detailed dialogue that allows the reader to form an opinion about each of them. From the sentence “Why the hell are you hanging around here at night, you bastard! - shouted a rough German voice with a cold.” It is clear to us that these words belong to a cruel man who knows no mercy. There is not even a need for a more detailed description of this character - it is already clear to the reader that nothing good should be expected from him.

The following example: “Oh, uncle, don’t hit me! – he whined pitifully. - I was looking for my horse. I found it by force. I wandered all day and all night. “I’m lost...” he shouted, swinging his whip at Serko.” Here the author could simply write that the boy pretended to be a shepherd and asked for mercy. But this phrase by Vanya helps the reader vividly imagine the image of a pitiful shepherd who is exhausted and begs to be let go in peace.

The characters’ phrases and their unique manner of speaking help the reader to immerse themselves deeper into the work and create the effect that he himself seems to be present at the scene of the events being described.

15.2. Explain how you understand the meaning of sentences 31-32 of the text: “He knew that his friends, faithful comrades in arms, were nearby. At the first cry they will rush to the rescue and kill every last one of the fascists.”

The boy Vanya is entrusted with a very important mission - to be a guide for scouts, lead them into the enemy camp and warn them of danger. For this purpose, the image of a foolish shepherdess was thought out for him. Vanya is well aware of how important this goal is and how much depends on him.

The text contains the sentence: “He knew that his friends, faithful comrades in arms, were nearby. At the first cry they will rush to the rescue and kill every last one of the fascists.”

When Vanya showed the way to Bidenko and Gorbunov, he came across two Germans and was seized with real horror. He was afraid not even for himself, but for the fact that their whole plan would collapse. He knew that in any case his comrades would not harm him and would protect him from the Nazis. When one of the Germans hit him humiliatingly, Vanya was furious: “What! He, a soldier of the Red Army, a scout of the famous battery of Captain Enakiev, was dared to be hit with a boot by some fascist flaw! But he pulled himself together in time. If he gave in to his anger, that would be the end of their plan. Despite the fact that there were people behind him who would protect him, Vanya pushed personal grudges into the background and put his important task first: “But the boy also firmly remembered that he was in deep reconnaissance, where the slightest noise could reveal group and disrupt the execution of a combat mission.”

The boy Vanya, in the guise of a shepherdess, completed his task with honor and did not let down the scouts, who completely relied on him.

The text describes a terrible time for a great country - Great Patriotic War. These were the years when fearlessness was required from every citizen of our country, a willingness to sacrifice everything in the name of victory and freedom. It was a time when ordinary Soviet people performed feats for the sake of their Motherland.

A feat in my understanding is when a person puts the well-being of his people and country first, and then takes care of his personal well-being. A feat is something for which a person is ready to sacrifice his life.

During the war, millions of people lost their families and homes; they united to defeat the enemy, putting aside their personal concerns.

A simple Russian boy, Vanya, stoically endured the bullying of the Nazis and cast aside his pride. It was incredibly difficult for him, but he knew that he simply did not have the right to let his comrades down: “Then, with a powerful effort of will, he suppressed his rage and pride.” He coped with the horror that gripped him from meeting his enemies and led the scouts further.

We hear from school incredible stories about heroism and exploits Soviet people during the war. Despite their nation and religion, they all stood up as one to defend their country and were not afraid of difficult trials. People boldly made their way into the enemy camp, freed prisoners, and rescued the wounded. All these are feats thanks to which today we have the opportunity to live and love, to enjoy the peaceful sky above our heads.

Essay on the topic “Once, when my grandmother was on her knees, talking heartily with God...” (OPTION 10)

15.1. Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the famous Russian linguist Evgeniy Nikolaevich Shiryaev “The entire organization of linguistic means in fiction is subordinated not simply to the transfer of content, but to the transfer of artistic means.”

The artistic style differs from the scientific, official and journalistic style in the richness of its means of expression. If scientific works and newspaper articles contain only dry facts, then fiction gives unlimited scope for imagination. Fiction novels, stories, tales abound in such artistic means as metaphor, comparison, description, hyperbole, personification and many others.

Vivid example of use artistic means shown in the following sentences: "In good night its red flowers bloomed smokelessly; only a dark cloud hovered very high above them, not preventing them from seeing the silver stream of the Milky Way. The snow glowed crimson, and the walls of the buildings trembled and swayed, as if rushing towards the hot corner of the yard, where the fire was playing merrily, filling the wide cracks in the workshop wall with red, sticking out of them like red-hot crooked nails.”

The text describes the heroism of the grandmother, who fearlessly and with enviable self-control gives out instructions: “- Barn, neighbors, defend! If the fire spreads to the barn, to the hayloft, ours will burn to the ground and yours will take over! Cut the roof, the hay goes into the garden! Neighborhood priests, come together as friends, God will help you.” The author shows the simple speech characteristic of this woman; these phrases characterize her as a courageous person who does not lose her composure.

15.2. Explain how you understand the meaning of the sentence in the text: “It was impossible not to listen to her at that hour.”

The text describes a fire that happened at two in the middle of the night and alarmed all the inhabitants of the house and neighbors. The servants and even the grandfather, the owner of the house, rushed about randomly in confusion while the fire devoured everything in its path. And only the grandmother managed to maintain composure, act wisely and give instructions in order to save the household and the whole family. She even advises neighbors who drop by on how to save barns and hay.

The little grandson, on whose behalf the story is told, describes in detail the events of this terrible night: “It was as interesting as the fire; illuminated by the fire, which seemed to catch her, black, she rushed around the yard, keeping up everywhere, in charge of everything, seeing everything.”

The boy notices how his grandmother fearlessly ran into the burning workshop and carried out explosive vitriol. She even managed to calm the frightened, soaring horse. He affectionately calls him “little mouse.” Grandmother took upon herself all the burden and responsibility: “Evgenya, take off the icons!” Natalya, get the guys dressed! - the grandmother commanded sternly, in a strong voice, and the grandfather quietly howled: “E-and-s.” That’s why the grandson immediately understood: “It was impossible not to listen to her at that hour.”

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the word FEAT?

And in works of art, and in real life there were and are numerous examples of feats that were performed by both men and women. A feat is a selfless act that is performed in the name of saving the Motherland, family, strangers, even at the cost of one’s own life. Only a person with capital letters, noble and ready to help. A hero man runs to help those who are in dire straits, and the last thing he thinks about is himself.

In the text, such a Person is the grandmother; she is the only one, risking her life, who burst into a building engulfed in fire in order to save the others, to save the barns and hay, not only her own, but also those of her neighbors. She does not panic, but calms the others. She even managed to calm down a horse running in fear: “Don’t be afraid! - Grandmother said in a bass voice, patting him on the neck and taking the reins. - Am I going to leave you with this fear? Oh, little mouse..."

They say about such women: “She will stop a galloping horse and enter a burning hut.”

The world rests on such heroic people; they give a chance for survival when it seems that everything is over. The feat does not depend on age. I remember a case where a fifteen-year-old boy saved seven neighbor children from a fire in his house, while the rest succumbed to panic and lost hope.

On the first floor landing, four men walked past Tolik. He stepped aside to let them upstairs.

Because of all the troubles and worries, Tolik neglected his lessons, and now he was often left to study at school. The aunt grumbled and asked if he was sick.

One day, when he was returning late from school, Mishka and Keshka met him in the gateway.

- Only... The major came to see you here. “I wanted to see you,” they vied with each other. - He told me to go see him. I left a piece of paper to let you in.

Tolik put the piece of paper in his pocket and, hanging his head, wandered home. A few minutes later, Tolik reappeared in the yard with a heavy object tied in his mother’s scarf in his hands.

Tolik untied his scarf in the major's spacious office and placed a large earthenware dog with stupid sparkling eyes on the table.

-What kind of figure is this? – asked the major. -Why did you bring her here?..

“Physical evidence,” muttered Tolik. - There is the money they gave me.

The major shook his head.

“And it’s not a pity?.. After all, you have it for scrap,” he smiled and narrowed his eye. - And for good grades...

Tolik blushed.

- How do you know?..

- We know everything about you. – The major tapped the dog with a pencil. – English faience. You'll get it from your aunt!

“It will hit,” agreed Tolik. “But I still won’t take it back.”

SIMA FROM ISSUE FOUR

B The boy was tall and thin, with his prohibitively long arms deep in his pockets. The head on the thin neck always leaned forward a little. The guys nicknamed him Semaphore.

The boy recently moved into this house. He went out into the yard in new shiny galoshes and, raising his legs high, walked out into the street. When he passed by the guys, he lowered his head even lower.

- Look, he’s imagining! - Mishka was angry. “He doesn’t want to know...” But much more often Mishka shouted: “Semaphore, come here, let’s talk!”

The guys also shouted after the boy various mocking and sometimes insulting words. The boy only lowered his head and quickened his pace. Sometimes, if the guys came close to him, he looked at them with blue, very large, clear eyes and silently blushed.

The guys decided that Semaphore was too good a nickname for such a weakling, and they began to call the boy simply Sima, and sometimes - to be sure - Sima from number four. And Mishka kept getting angry and grumbling at the sight of the boy:

“We need to teach this goose a lesson.” Walking here!..

One day Sima disappeared and did not appear in the yard for a long time. A month or two passed... Winter began to weaken and ruled the streets only at night. During the day a warm wind blew from the Gulf of Finland. The snow in the yard turned gray and turned into a wet, dirty mess. And on these spring-like warm days, Sima appeared again. His galoshes were as new as if he had never worn them at all. The neck is wrapped even more tightly with a scarf. Under his arm he held a black sketchbook.

Sima looked at the sky, squinted as if unaccustomed to the light, and blinked. Then he headed to the far corner of the yard, to someone else’s front door.

“Hey, Sima got out!” Mishka whistled in surprise. - Well, I made an acquaintance.

Lyudmilka lived along the stairs where Sima walked.

Sima walked up to the front door and began to slowly walk back and forth, hesitantly looking into the dark opening of the stairs.

“He’s waiting,” Round Tolik grinned, “for his Lyudmilka...”

“Or maybe not Lyudmilka at all,” Keshka put in. – Why should he get involved with Lyudmilka?

Tolik looked at Keshka slyly - they say, we know, they are not small - and said:

– What is he doing there then?.. Maybe he’s breathing air?..

“Maybe,” Keshka agreed.

Mishka listened to them bicker and thought about something.

“It’s time to act,” he suddenly intervened. - Let's go talk to this Sima.

Bear and Round Tolik moved forward shoulder to shoulder. Keshka also joined them. At the decisive moment you cannot leave your comrades - this is called honor. Several more guys joined the three friends. They walked along the sides and behind.

Noticing the army approaching him, Sima raised his head, as always, blushed and smiled timidly.

“What are you doing?” Mishka began. - What’s here?.. Well, what?

Sima blushed even deeper. Muttered:

- Nothing... I’m walking...

“It turns out he’s walking!” – Round Tolik laughed.

Mishka leaned forward, put his hands behind his back, turned slightly sideways to Sima and spoke slowly, threateningly:

- Maybe you don’t consider us to be people?.. Yes?.. Maybe you’re brave?.. Let’s go and have a chat...

Sima looked around at all the guys with his huge eyes and opened his mouth slightly.

- Did I do anything to you?

“We’re not going to beat you,” Mishka explained to him, “we’ll always have time to do it... I say, let’s exchange it, let’s go one on one... Let’s see what kind of ostrich you are, so extraordinary that you don’t want to come near us.”

- With you? – asked Sima.

Mishka stuck out his lip and nodded.

Sima looked at his feet and quite unexpectedly objected:

- It’s very dirty.

Option 20

(1) This mu started To and in distant years, in the fifth or sixth grade.

(2) Glebov lived in his two-story courtyard next to a gray, huge, like a whole city or even a whole country, house with a thousand windows. (3) A gray bulk hung over the alley, in the mornings behind With The sun was shining, and in the evenings the sounds of music were flying from above. (4) There, on the celestial floors, life seemed to be going on completely different from that below. (5) And from an early age Glebov had a burning sensation in his soul: either envy or something else.

(6) Glebov’s mother worked as an usher in a cinema. (7) And so her service in the cinema - a seedy one, in one of the Zamoskvoretsky alleys - was a source of considerable pride for Glebov and distinguished him with the greatest privilege: he could go to any film without a ticket. (8) And sometimes in the daytime, when there are few spectators, he could even lead a comrade, or even two.

(9) This privilege was the basis of Glebov’s power in the class. (10) He used it prudently and cleverly:he invited boys whose friendship he was interested in, from whom he expected something in return, he fed others with promises for a long time before he showed a benefit, and he forever deprived some scoundrels of his favor. (11) Gleb’s power continued - well, not power, but, let’s say, authority - and remained unshaken until Levka Shulepa arose. (12) The first days he behaved arrogantly, looked at everyone with his blue eyes sleepily and contemptuously, did not start a conversation with anyone and sat down at the same desk with the girl. (13) They decided to teach him a lesson, or rather, humiliate him. (14) And even more precisely - to disgrace. (15) Glebov hotly tried to persuade him to deal with Shulepa, whom he did not like, but at the last moment he decided not to participate in the violence.

(16) The boys - there were about five of them - called Lyovka into the backyard after school, surrounded him, argued about something, and suddenly Bear, the main strongman of the class, grabbed Lyovka by the neck, knocked him over with a jerk, the rest shouted “whoa!” go! They attacked, Lyovka resisted, kicked him, but, of course, he was crushed, twisted, and someone sat on his chest.
(17) And suddenly there was a loud crash, as if a firecracker had exploded or a car tire had burst. (18) Then all five rushed to the sides, Lyovka rose to his feet, and in his hand he held a scarecrow, which fired special percussion caps. (19) Shulepa emerged victorious from this story, and the attackers were put to shame and subsequently tried in every possible way to make peace and make friends with him.

(20) So Lyovka, from a man who was going to be disgraced throughout the world, turned into a hero. (21) And from this time, probably, that heaviness at the bottom of Glebov’s soul arose... (22) And no more unhappy than people stricken with envy. (23) And there was no more crushing misfortune than what happened to Glebov at the moment of his seemingly supreme triumph.

(According to Yu. Trifonov)*

* Trifonov Yuri Valentinovich (1925-1981) - Russian Soviet writer, master of “urban” prose.

15.2 Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of the ending of the text:“And there are no more unhappy people who are stricken with envy” .

Bring it in your essay 2 (two) arguments from the text you read, confirming your reasoning.

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

2. Which answer option contains the information needed tojustification answer to the question: “Why does Glebov call this stage of his life, which began “in the fifth or sixth grade,” m Who?

1) It was painfully difficult for Glebov to refuse his classmates when they asked him to take them to a movie theater for free.

2) Glebov was ashamed to remember that he “ardently persuaded to deal with Shulepa, whom he did not like, but at the last moment decided not to participate in the reprisal.”

3) Glebov had “power” over his classmates - well, not power, but, let’s say, authority,” and this weighed on him.

4) Glebova began to be overwhelmed by envy of another life, unknown to him, the symbols of which for him were the huge house and the “hero” Levka Shulepa.

Answer____________________________________________________

3. Indicate a sentence in which the means of expressive speech ismetaphor .

1) And suddenly there was a loud crash, as if a firecracker had exploded or a car tire had burst.

2) Glebov lived in his two-story courtyard next to a gray, huge house, like a whole city or even a whole country.
in a thousand windows.

3) A gray bulk hung over the alley, in the mornings � tila sun,
and in the evenings the sounds of music flew from above.

4) Then all five rushed to the sides, Lyovka rose to his feet,
and in his hand he held a scarecrow, which fired special percussion caps.

4. From sentences 11-14, write down the word in which the spellingconsoles depends on the deafness - voicedness of the subsequent

Answer________________________________________________________

5. From sentences 19-22, write down the word in which the spellingsuffix is determined by the rule: “In the short passive past participle, N is written.”

Answer________________________________________________________

6. Replace the bookish obsolete word"good deed" in sentence 10 stylistically neutralsynonymous . Write this synonym.

Answer________________________________________________________

7.Replace the phrase"Gleb's power" (sentence 11), built on the basis of agreement, a synonymous phrase with a connectioncontrol . Write the resulting phrase.

Answer________________________________________________________

8. Write it out grammatical basis proposals 4.

9. Among sentences 20-23, find a sentencewith a separate agreed definition

Answer________________________________________________________

10. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers representing commas inintroductory words .

A gray bulk hung over the alley, (1) in the morning the sun was hidden, (2)
and in the evenings the sounds of music flew from above. There, (3) in the celestial floors, (4) was walking (5) it seemed (6) a completely different life (7) than below.

Answer________________________________________________________

11. Specify quantitygrammar basics in sentence 18. Write the answer in numbers.

12. In the sentence below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between the parts of a complex sentence connectedcreative writing communication

boys - there were about five of them - they called Lyovka into the backyard after school, (1) surrounded (2) they argued about something (3) and suddenly the Bear, (4) the main strongman of the class, (5) grabbed Lyovka by the neck, (6) knocked him over with a jerk, (7) the rest shouted “whoa!” attacked (8) Lyovka resisted (9) kicked (10) but him, (11) Certainly, (12) crushed, (13) twisted (14) someone sat on his chest.

Answer______________________________________________________

13. Among sentences 16-19, find a complex sentence withuniform subordination of subordinate clauses . Write the number of this offer.

Answer___________________________________________________________

14. Among sentences 16-20, findcomplex offer with non-union and conjunctional coordinating and subordinating connection between parts.

Answer__________________________________________________

Radiy Petrovich Pogodin
Sima from issue 4

Maybe,” Keshka agreed.

Let’s go,” Tolik supported.

Nothing... I'm walking...

What did I do to you?

With you? - asked Sima.

Mishka stuck out his lip and nodded.

So it's very dirty.

On the first page of the album, in beautiful colored letters, was written: “To teacher Maria Alekseevna from Grigoriev Kolya.”

Give me the album,” Sima asked behind the guys’ backs. He tried to push the crowd aside, but the boys stood tightly.

Wow, great!..

The guys sat on Mishka.

Keshka received the four-tube cruiser "Varyag", a frigate with a black pirate flag. Motley little men with huge sabers and pistols were running along the deck of the frigate... He also asked for a monkey on a palm tree and a high mountain with a white sugar peak.

Nikitin fell back and felt the back of the seat cushion on the back of his head. She was cool and soft. He sat for a while with his eyes closed, then took his hands off the black circle of the steering wheel. He took it off carefully, as if from the keys of a piano.

Vitaly! - Nikitin called out, getting out of the cab. And once again: - Vitaly!

Darkness pressed on all sides. My knees were shaking disgustingly. Heavily moving his feet, he walked a few steps back.

Two ruts, worn out by wheels, darkened on the slope of a snowdrift. They climbed the rubble and ended there, cut off by a new landslide. The edge of the rubble still could not withstand the last tug. And at the very edge, above the disastrous depths howling with the icy wind, stood Vitalka - a small figure in the middle of the huge northern night.

Vital! What are you worth? After all, they escaped! - The driver choked on the burning air, ran up to Vitalka and grabbed him by the shoulders. - My dear! After all, they escaped, you know?

“We got out, Uncle Nikitin,” Vitalka echoed.

“Let’s go into the cabin,” said the driver. - You are my dear assistant... I will definitely be your guest today.

In Chukotka, two thousand kilometers away, somewhere between the Big and Little Diomede islands, the new year was already beginning.

Radiy Petrovich Pogodin

Sima from issue 4

The boy was tall and thin, with his prohibitively long arms deep in his pockets. The head on the thin neck always leaned forward a little.

The guys nicknamed him Semaphore.

The boy recently moved into this house. He went out into the yard in new shiny galoshes and, raising his legs high, walked out into the street. When he passed by the guys, he lowered his head even lower.

He's imagining! - Mishka was angry. - He doesn’t want to know... - But much more often Mishka shouted: - Semaphore, come here, let’s talk!

The guys also shouted after the boy various mocking and sometimes insulting words. The boy only quickened his pace. Sometimes, if the guys came close to him, he looked at them with blue, very large, clear eyes and silently blushed.

The guys decided that Semaphore was too good a nickname for such a wimp, and began to call the boy simply Sima, and sometimes - to be sure - Sima from number four. And Mishka kept getting angry and grumbling at the sight of the boy:

We need to teach this goose a lesson. Walking here!..

One day Sima disappeared and did not appear in the yard for a long time. A month or two passed... Winter began to weaken and ruled the streets only at night. During the day, a warm wind blew from the Gulf of Finland. The snow in the yard began to wrinkle, turned gray, and turned into a wet, dirty mess. And on these warm spring days, Sima appeared again. His galoshes were as new as if he had never worn them at all. The neck is wrapped even more tightly with a scarf. Under his arm he held a black sketchbook.

Sima looked at the sky, squinted as if unaccustomed to the light, and blinked. Then he headed to the far corner of the yard, to someone else’s front door.

Hey, Sima got out!.. - Mishka whistled in surprise. - I made an acquaintance, no way.

Lyudmilka lived along the stairs where Sima walked.

Sima walked up to the front door and began to slowly walk back and forth, hesitantly looking into the dark opening of the stairs.

“He’s waiting,” Krugly Tolik grinned, “for his Lyudmilka.”

Or maybe not Lyudmilka at all,” Keshka put in. - Why should he get involved with Lyudmilka?

Tolik looked at Keshka slyly, “We know they’re not small,” and said:

What is he doing there then?.. Maybe breathing air?..

Maybe,” Keshka agreed.

Mishka listened to them bicker and thought about something.

It’s time to act,” he suddenly intervened. - Let's go talk to this Sima.

Let’s go,” Tolik supported.

Bear and Round Tolik moved forward shoulder to shoulder. Keshka also joined them. At the decisive moment you cannot leave your comrades - this is called honor. Several more guys joined the three friends. They walked along the sides and behind.

Noticing the army approaching him, Sima raised his head, as always, blushed and smiled timidly.

What are you doing?.. - Mishka began. - What’s here?.. Well, what?

Sima blushed even deeper. Muttered:

Nothing... I'm walking...

It turns out he’s walking,” laughed Round Tolik.

Mishka leaned forward, put his hands behind his back, turned sideways to Sima and spoke slowly, threateningly:

Maybe you don’t consider us to be people?.. Yes?.. Maybe you’re brave?.. Let’s go and have a chat...

Sima looked around at all the guys with his huge eyes and opened his mouth slightly.

What did I do to you?

But we are not going to beat you, we will always have time... I say, let’s go one-on-one... Let’s see what kind of ostrich you are, so extraordinary that you don’t want to come near us.

With you? - asked Sima.

Mishka stuck out his lip and nodded.

Sima looked at his feet and quite unexpectedly objected:

So it's very dirty.

The guys laughed together. And Mishka looked contemptuously at Sima from head to toe.

Maybe I should lay out a Persian rug for you?

Sima clutched the black album to himself, stomped around and asked:

Let’s wait, and... when will the sun be there?

When the guys had laughed enough, Mishka stepped forward and snatched the album from Sima’s hands.

He needs the sun... Come on, let me see!

Sima turned pale and was about to grab Mishka’s hand, but the guys immediately pushed him away.

And Mishka has already opened the black calico cover.

On the first page of the album, in beautiful colored letters, was written:

He is engaging in sycophancy... I see! - Misha said this in such a tone as if he did not expect anything else.

You sycophant are not very good, otherwise I won’t even wait for the sun, I’ll hit you with a portion of pasta down the neck!

Wow, great!..

The guys sat on Mishka.

Caravels, frigates, cruisers, and submarines moved forward. Watercolor storms and typhoons raged... And one drawing even depicted a giant tornado. Sailors from a small boat fired a cannon at the tornado.

Keshka jumped up and down with delight. He nudged Mishka by the elbow and asked:

Mishka, give me a picture?.. Well, Mishka...

Mishka closed the album and looked over the heads of the guys at the artist.

You sycophant Sima, listen... We will act according to honor and conscience. So that you don’t suck up to the teachers next time, we’ll distribute your pictures to everyone who wants them. It's clear? - And, without waiting for an answer, he shouted: - Come on!.. Beautiful pictures from sea life!..

The pages in the album were tied with white silk ribbon. Mishka untied the bow on the cover, crumpled up the first page with the inscription and began handing out pictures.

Keshka received the four-tube cruiser “Varyag”, a frigate with a black pirate flag. Motley little men with huge sabers and pistols were running along the deck of the frigate... He also asked for a monkey on a palm tree and a high mountain with a white sugar peak.

Having distributed all the pictures, Mishka walked up to Sima and pushed him in the chest.

Get out now!.. Do you hear?

Sima’s lips trembled, he covered his eyes with his hands in gray knitted gloves and, shuddering, went to his stairs.

Follow the sun! - Mishka shouted after him.

Current page: 4 (book has 7 pages in total)

The piggy bank filled up quickly. Auntie still gave her coppers for good grades; In addition, she began to reward Tolik for good behavior. All the “milk” money also found shelter in the dark insides of the dog.

Just before the New Year, Vladik invited Tolik to his place. He was noticeably nervous, rummaging in the closet, writing something very hastily and angrily on a table with bent legs.

– Do you want to earn three? – he asked Tolik, who suddenly sat down on a chair. And then he answered himself: “I see, if you want... So, fly to the one in the astrakhan hat.” Is it clear?.. - He thrust a package wrapped in thick paper and a note into Tolik’s hands...

“There are important samples here.” One leg here, the other there...

– I’ll just take the briefcase.

– It’s urgent... Hold your briefcase. Come on with all your might! – Vladik named the street near the circus and pushed Tolik to the door.

Tolik jumped out like a bullet into the yard. In the gateway he ran into Mishka and Keshka, deftly jumped over the substituted leg and rushed to the tram stop.

- He ran to hand over the junk, you grabber!.. - Mishka suddenly took off from his seat. – Let’s take it away so you don’t have to wonder.

The friends stomped together after Tolik.

Tolik ran without looking back and only noticed the chase in the park. But it was already too late. Mishka immediately poked Tolik in the back with his fist. The package fell softly onto the asphalt... Keshka kicked it. The paper burst, and four smoky skins lay spread out on the clean snow, slightly touched by moisture. The guys were taken aback.

The fur on the skins had a silky shine, shimmering with soft waves...

-Tell me where you stole it?! - Mishka grabbed onto Tolik.

“Vladik gave it to me,” Tolik whined in fear.

- You're lying, you unfortunate bastard!..

Passers-by stopped near the guys. A gray-haired, agile old woman came very close and reproachfully threatened Mishka:

- Here I am, a robber!.. And isn’t it a shame to beat little ones? And you're wearing a red tie!..

The bear wanted to snap back, but a menacing bass sound was heard above his ear:

– What’s going on with you?..

Mishkin's collar turned out to be in a strong position.

Mishka squinted his eyes: “Policeman...”

The policeman looked at the guys and grabbed Keshka with his free hand. Keshka has already picked up the skins; they were wrapped around his hands like a woman's muff.

“Uncle, these are my skins... Vladik gave me... and here’s a note...” Tolik babbled.

The policeman tightened his grip on the children’s collars and briefly ordered:

- Follow me!..

Mishka managed to grab Tolik by the sleeve.

- Try to run away, you unfortunate goga... toad... I'll tell you...

But Tolik did not try to escape; he dutifully minced next to Mishka.

The police station duty room smelled of carbolic acid and washed floors. Not daring to sit on the chairs, the guys sat down on the floor near the steam heating radiator.

Tolik whined again.

“Roar... You won’t roar like that yet!..” Mishka hit himself on the forehead. – I know!.. This goga got involved with poachers or smugglers. I read that this happens...

Keshka moved closer and looked at Tolik with curiosity.

– Really contacted?

Tolik whimpered even louder.

“Stop it,” Mishka said angrily. “We should have thought of it earlier.” In general, you're screwed now.

A policeman appeared at the door.

- Come in!

The guys found themselves in a bright, spacious office. A tall, stocky police major stood at the window. The skins were on the table. The officer looked at the guys and was silent.

“Comrade Chief,” Mishka stepped forward. - He's not a creep. He's just confused. He became greedy for money.

-Who's confused? – the major asked sternly.

“Like who?.. Here, a goga with a bow...” Mishka pushed Tolik towards the table.

The major came closer and now looked down at Tolik, large and gloomy.

- Well, Goga. Tell me where you got the otter from. These are the skins.

Tolik shifted from foot to foot. He wanted to cling to Mishka's sleeve. But Mishka looked aloof. Tolik took two timid steps and grabbed onto the table.

- I... I didn’t steal... It was Vladik who asked me to take the package to him. To the astrakhan hat... And then they attacked...

The major wrinkled his brow and nodded to Mishka and Keshka:

- Sit in the duty room.

I had to sit for a long time. Finally the major came out of the office.

- Do you know how to remain silent?

- Like coffins!..

- So... Where they were, what they did - no one. Clear?..

- What will happen to Tolik? - asked Keshka. - Is it really...

- Yes, if you want, we will beat him one hundred percent in the yard. He’s not some kind of bastard...” Mishka said in a deep voice. - Yes, we are for him!..

The major frowned.

- Remember the agreement?

- We remember.

- That's it... Run home.

A few minutes later the guys were sitting in their favorite place, on a log between the woodpiles, silent and thinking.

Meanwhile, Tolik was walking towards the circus. He was clutching a soft package wrapped in thick gray paper to his side.

He often looked around, looked at the house numbers. Finally he stopped near an old building with a peeling facade and entered the gateway. Almost at the same moment, a black Pobeda drove up to the house...

Peering at the half-erased apartment numbers, Tolik slowly climbed the stairs. Finally he found a door covered with white medical oilcloth and, standing on tiptoe, rang the bell.

The door suddenly opened. A man in slippers and a thick woolen jacket stepped onto the landing:

- Why are you here?..

Tolik hastily swallowed his saliva.

- I... Vladik sent me... Here is this for you... And a note.

The man took the note, quickly ran his eyes through it, frowned and almost snatched the package from Tolik’s hands.

- Why are you like this?.. Soaked... Did something happen?..

Tolik felt cold inside.

- No... I have a headache. I refused, but Vladik said it was urgent... So I went.

“If you go past the pharmacy, buy a pyramidon,” the man took fifteen kopecks out of his pocket, handed it to Tolik and gently ran his palm over Tolik’s cheek.

On the first floor landing, four men walked past Tolik. He stepped aside to let them upstairs.

* * *

Because of all the troubles and worries, Tolik neglected his lessons, and now he was often left to study at school. The aunt grumbled and asked if he was sick.

One day, when he was returning late from school, Mishka and Keshka met him in the gateway.

- Only... The major came to see you here. “I wanted to see you,” they vied with each other. - He told me to go see him. I left a piece of paper to let you in.

Tolik put the piece of paper in his pocket and, hanging his head, wandered home. A few minutes later, Tolik reappeared in the yard with a heavy object tied in his mother’s scarf in his hands.

Tolik untied his scarf in the major's spacious office and placed a large earthenware dog with stupid sparkling eyes on the table.

-What kind of figure is this? – asked the major. -Why did you bring her here?..

“Physical evidence,” muttered Tolik. - There is the money they gave me.

The major shook his head.

“And it’s not a pity?.. After all, you have it for scrap,” he smiled and narrowed his eye. - And for good grades...

Tolik blushed.

- How do you know?..

- We know everything about you. – The major tapped the dog with a pencil. – English faience. You'll get it from your aunt!

“It will hit,” agreed Tolik. “But I still won’t take it back.”

SIMA FROM ISSUE FOUR

B

Sima looked at the sky, squinted as if unaccustomed to the light, and blinked. Then he headed to the far corner of the yard, to someone else’s front door.

“Maybe,” Keshka agreed.

Noticing the army approaching him, Sima raised his head, as always, blushed and smiled timidly.

- Nothing... I’m walking...

- Did I do anything to you?

Mishka stuck out his lip and nodded.

Sima looked at his feet and quite unexpectedly objected:

- It’s very dirty.

The guys laughed together. And Mishka looked contemptuously at Sima from head to toe.

The guys started laughing.

“To teacher Maria Alekseevna from Grigoriev Kolya.”

Some laughed, and Mishka shouted:

- Wow, great!..

The guys sat on Mishka.

Keshka jumped up and down with delight. He nudged Mishka by the elbow and asked:

Everyone forgot that the album belonged to Sima, they even forgot that Sima was standing here next to him.

Mishka closed the album and looked over the heads of the guys at the artist.

Lyudmilka flushed.

- Teddy bear... Well!

- I'm telling you, hooligans!..

– Whose bag is this?

- Not, no so much…

Sima turned away.

“I know it myself,” answered Mishka.

- Okay, Sima, peace.

- Which present?..

- I didn’t write that...

B The boy was tall and thin, with his prohibitively long arms deep in his pockets. The head on the thin neck always leaned forward a little. The guys nicknamed him Semaphore.

The boy recently moved into this house. He went out into the yard in new shiny galoshes and, raising his legs high, walked out into the street. When he passed by the guys, he lowered his head even lower.

- Look, he’s imagining! - Mishka was angry. “He doesn’t want to know...” But much more often Mishka shouted: “Semaphore, come here, let’s talk!”

The guys also shouted after the boy various mocking and sometimes insulting words. The boy only lowered his head and quickened his pace. Sometimes, if the guys came close to him, he looked at them with blue, very large, clear eyes and silently blushed.

The guys decided that Semaphore was too good a nickname for such a weakling, and they began to call the boy simply Sima, and sometimes - to be sure - Sima from number four. And Mishka kept getting angry and grumbling at the sight of the boy:

“We need to teach this goose a lesson.” Walking here!..

One day Sima disappeared and did not appear in the yard for a long time. A month or two passed... Winter began to weaken and ruled the streets only at night. During the day a warm wind blew from the Gulf of Finland. The snow in the yard turned gray and turned into a wet, dirty mess. And on these spring-like warm days, Sima appeared again. His galoshes were as new as if he had never worn them at all. The neck is wrapped even more tightly with a scarf. Under his arm he held a black sketchbook.

Sima looked at the sky, squinted as if unaccustomed to the light, and blinked. Then he headed to the far corner of the yard, to someone else’s front door.

“Hey, Sima got out!” Mishka whistled in surprise. - Well, I made an acquaintance.

Lyudmilka lived along the stairs where Sima walked.

Sima walked up to the front door and began to slowly walk back and forth, hesitantly looking into the dark opening of the stairs.

“He’s waiting,” Round Tolik grinned, “for his Lyudmilka...”

“Or maybe not Lyudmilka at all,” Keshka put in. – Why should he get involved with Lyudmilka?

Tolik looked at Keshka slyly - they say, we know, they are not small - and said:

– What is he doing there then?.. Maybe he’s breathing air?..

“Maybe,” Keshka agreed.

Mishka listened to them bicker and thought about something.

“It’s time to act,” he suddenly intervened. - Let's go talk to this Sima.

Bear and Round Tolik moved forward shoulder to shoulder. Keshka also joined them. At the decisive moment you cannot leave your comrades - this is called honor. Several more guys joined the three friends. They walked along the sides and behind.

Noticing the army approaching him, Sima raised his head, as always, blushed and smiled timidly.

“What are you doing?” Mishka began. - What’s here?.. Well, what?

Sima blushed even deeper. Muttered:

- Nothing... I’m walking...

“It turns out he’s walking!” – Round Tolik laughed.

Mishka leaned forward, put his hands behind his back, turned slightly sideways to Sima and spoke slowly, threateningly:

- Maybe you don’t consider us to be people?.. Yes?.. Maybe you’re brave?.. Let’s go and have a chat...

Sima looked around at all the guys with his huge eyes and opened his mouth slightly.

- Did I do anything to you?

“We’re not going to beat you,” Mishka explained to him, “we’ll always have time to do it... I say, let’s exchange it, let’s go one on one... Let’s see what kind of ostrich you are, so extraordinary that you don’t want to come near us.”

- With you? – asked Sima.

Mishka stuck out his lip and nodded.

Sima looked at his feet and quite unexpectedly objected:

- It’s very dirty.

The guys laughed together. And Mishka looked contemptuously at Sima from head to toe.

- Maybe I should lay out a Persian carpet for you?

Sima clutched the black album to himself, stomped around and asked:

- We’ll wait, and... when will the sun be there?

The guys started laughing.

When they had laughed enough, Mishka stepped forward and snatched the album from Simina’s hands.

- He needs the sun... Come on, let me see!

Sima turned pale and was about to grab Mishka’s hand, but they immediately pushed him away.

And Mishka has already opened the black calico cover. On the first page of the album, in beautiful colored letters, was written:

“To teacher Maria Alekseevna from Grigoriev Kolya.”

– He’s being a sycophant... I see! - Mishka said this in such a tone as if he did not expect anything else.

“Give me the album,” Sima asked behind the guys’ backs. He tried to push the crowd aside, but the boys stood tightly.

Some laughed, and Mishka shouted:

“You sycophant are not very good, otherwise I won’t even wait for the sun, I’ll slap a portion of pasta down your neck!”

Keshka no longer felt sorry for Sima, he stood next to Mishka and hurried him:

On the next page was drawn sailing ship, a brigantine, as Mishka defined it. The brigantine rushed along with full sails. Her nose was buried in the boiling, thick blue wave. On the deck at the mast, the captain stood with his arms crossed.

- Wow, great!..

The guys sat on Mishka.

Caravels, frigates, cruisers, and submarines cut through the elastic waves. Watercolor storms and typhoons raged... And one drawing even depicted a giant tornado. Sailors from a small boat fired a cannon at the tornado. After the ships came various palm trees, tigers...

Keshka jumped up and down with delight. He nudged Mishka by the elbow and asked:

- Mishka, give me a picture... Well, Mishka...

Everyone forgot that the album belonged to Sima, they even forgot that Sima was standing here next to him.

Mishka closed the album and looked over the heads of the guys at the artist.

- You sycophant Sima, listen... We will act according to honor and conscience. So that you don’t suck up to the teachers next time, we’ll distribute your pictures to everyone who wants them. It's clear? - And, without waiting for an answer, he shouted: - Come on!.. Beautiful pictures from sea life!..

The pages in the album were tied with white silk ribbon. Mishka untied the bow on the cover, crumpled up the first page with the inscription and began handing out pictures.

Keshka received the four-tube cruiser "Varyag", a frigate with a black pirate flag. Motley little men with huge sabers and pistols were running along the deck of the frigate... He also asked for a monkey on a palm tree and a high mountain with a white sugar peak.

Having distributed all the pictures, Mishka walked up to Sima and pushed him in the chest.

- Get out now!.. Do you hear?

Sima’s lips trembled, he covered his eyes with his hands in gray knitted gloves and, shuddering, went to his stairs.

- Watch the sun! - Mishka shouted after him.

The guys showed off their trophies to each other. But their fun was unexpectedly interrupted. Lyudmilka appeared at the front door.

- Hey, give me some pictures, otherwise I’ll tell you everything about you... I’ll tell you that you are bandits... Why did they offend Sima?

- Well, what did I say? “They are at one with each other,” Round Tolik jumped up to Keshka. “Now they would go to the teacher’s arm…” Tolik bent, made his hand into a pretzel and walked, wobbling, a few steps.

Lyudmilka flushed.

- Hooligans, I’m not familiar with this Simka at all...

- Well, get out, then there’s no point in poking your nose in! - said Mishka. - Let's go, I say! “He stamped his foot as if he was about to rush at Lyudmilka.

Lyudmilka jumped to the side, slipped and fell into the snowy mess at the threshold of the stairs. There was a huge wet spot on the pink coat with white fur trim. Lyudmilka began to roar.

- And I’ll tell you about this too... You’ll see!..

- Uh, squeaky! - Mishka waved his hand. - Let's get out of here, guys...

At the woodpile, in their favorite place, the boys again began to look at the drawings. Only Mishka sat with his head down, rubbing his palm under his nose and gathering his forehead into longitudinal and then transverse wrinkles.

– What kind of teacher is Maria Alekseevna? - he muttered. – Maybe the one who lives on Lyudmilka’s stairs?..

– I figured it out... She hasn’t been working at school for three years now. “I retired,” Krugly Tolik objected blithely.

Mishka looked at him indifferently.

“Where are you so smart when you don’t have to...” He stood up, angrily kicked the log on which he had just been sitting, and, turning to the guys, began to select the pictures. - Come on, come on, I say...

Keshka did not want to part with the ships and the palm tree, but he gave them to Mishka without a word. After Sima left, he felt uneasy.

Mishka collected all the sheets and put them back into the album. Only the first page with the dedication was irreparably damaged. Mishka smoothed it out on his lap and also put it under the cover.

The next day the sun ruled the sky. It dissolved the slurry of snow and drove it in cheerful streams to the hatches in the middle of the yard. Chips, pieces of birch bark, soggy paper, and matchboxes were diving in the whirlpools above the gratings. Everywhere, in every drop of water, small multi-colored suns flashed. Sunbeams were chasing each other on the walls of the houses. They jumped on the children’s noses, cheeks, and flashed in the children’s eyes. Spring!

The janitor, Aunt Nastya, was sweeping debris from the grates. The guys poked holes with sticks, and water fell noisily into the dark wells. By lunchtime the asphalt had dried out. Only rivers of dirty water continued to flow from under the woodpiles.

The boys were building a dam out of bricks.

Mishka, running from school, hung his bag on a nail driven into a huge log and began to build a reservoir.

“Let’s hurry up,” he strained, “or all the water will run away from under the woodpile!”

The guys were carrying bricks, sand, wood chips... and then they noticed Sima.

Sima stood not far from the gate with a briefcase in his hands, as if wondering where to go - home or to the guys.

“Ah, Sima!” Mishka shouted. - The sun is in the sky. It’s dry, look,” Mishka pointed to a large dried bald patch. - So what do you say?

- Maybe I should bring a pillow? – Tolik sarcastically.

The guys laughed, vying with each other to offer their services: carpets, rugs and even straw, so that Sima would not feel harsh.

Sima stood in the same place for a while and moved towards the guys. The conversations immediately stopped.

“Come on,” Sima said simply.

Mishka stood up, wiped his wet hands on his pants, and took off his coat.

– Until first blood or to the fullest extent?

“With all our might,” Sima answered, not too loudly, but very decisively. This meant that he agreed to fight to the end, as long as his hands were raised and his fingers clenched into a fist. It doesn’t matter here whether your nose is bleeding or not. The one who says: “Enough is enough, I give up…” is considered defeated.

The boys formed a circle. Sima hung his briefcase on the same nail as Mishka’s bag, took off his coat, and tied the scarf tightly around his neck.

Tolik slapped himself below the back and said: “Bam-mm! Gong!"

Mishka raised his fists to his chest and jumped around Sima. Sima also put out his fists, but it was clear from everything that he did not know how to fight. As soon as Mishka approached, he put his hand forward, trying to reach Mishka’s chest, and immediately received a blow to the ear.

The guys thought that he would roar and run to complain, but Sima pursed his lips and waved his arms like a mill. He was advancing. He kneaded the air with his fists. Sometimes his blows reached Mishka, but he put his elbows under them.

Sima received another slap on the wrist. Yes, such that he could not resist and sat down on the asphalt.

- Well, maybe that's enough? - Mishka asked peacefully.

Sima shook his head, stood up and started shaking his hands again.

Spectators are very worried during a fight. They jump up and down, wave their arms, and imagine that they are helping their friend.

- Bear, what are you doing today!.. Misha, give it to me!

- Teddy bear... Well!

- Sima, this is not for you to engage in sycophancy... Misha!

And only one of the guys suddenly shouted:

- Sima, hold on!.. Sima, give it! - It was Keshka who shouted. - Why are you waving your hands? You hit...

The bear fought without much passion. Among the spectators there would be those ready to swear that Mishka felt sorry for Sima. But after Keshka’s shout, Mishka stood up and began to thrash so hard that Sima bent over and only occasionally put out his hand to push his opponent away.

- Atas! – Tolik suddenly shouted and was the first to rush into the gateway. Lyudmilka’s mother hurriedly walked towards the woodpile; Lyudmilka performed a little further away. Noticing that the boys were running away, Lyudmilka’s mother quickened her pace.

- I'm telling you, hooligans!..

Mishka grabbed his coat and dashed into the gateway, where all the spectators had already disappeared. Only Keshka didn’t have time. He hid behind a woodpile.

But Sima did not see or hear anything. He still stood bent over, stunned by the blows. And since Mishka’s fists suddenly stopped falling on him, he apparently decided that the enemy was tired and hurried on the offensive. His first attack hit Lyudmilka’s mother in the side, the second - in the stomach.

- What are you doing? – she squealed. - Lyudochka, did this bully push you into a puddle?

“No,” Lyudmilka whined. - This is Sima, they beat him. And Mishka pushed. He ran into the gateway.

Sima raised his head and looked around in confusion.

- Why did they beat you, boy? – asked Lyudmilka’s mother.

“But they didn’t beat me at all,” Sima answered gloomily.

- But I myself saw how hooligans...

- It was a duel. By all rights... And they are not hooligans at all. “Sima put on his coat, took his briefcase off the nail, and started to walk away.

But then Lyudmilka’s mother asked:

– Whose bag is this?

- Mishkina! - Lyudmilka shouted. - We need to take it. Then the bear will come on its own.

Then Keshka jumped out from behind the woodpile, grabbed his bag and ran to the front door.

- Run after me! - he shouted to Sima.

– This is Keshka, Mishka’s friend. Hooligan!.. - Lyudmilka roared.

In the front door, the boys took a breath and sat down on the step of the stairs.

“Aren’t you in a lot of pain?” asked Keshka.

- Not, no so much…

They sat for a while and listened to Lyudmilka’s mother threaten to go to Mishka’s school, to Mishka’s parents, and even to the police, to the department for combating child neglect.

– Did you want to give this album to your teacher? - Keshka suddenly asked.

Sima turned away.

- No, Maria Alekseevna. She has been retired for a long time. When I got sick, she found out and came. She worked with me for two months... for free. I specially drew this album for her.

Keshka whistled. And in the evening he came to Mishka.

- Bear, give Sima the album. It was when he was sick that Maria Alekseevna worked with him... for free...

“I know it myself,” answered Mishka.

All evening he was taciturn, turned away, tried not to look into the eyes. Keshka knew Mishka and knew that this was not without reason. And the next day this is what happened.

Towards evening, Sima went out into the yard. He still walked with his head down and blushed when Mishka and Tolik ran up to him. He probably thought that he would be called to fight again; Yesterday no one gave up, but we need to complete this matter. But Mishka gave him his red wet hand.

- Okay, Sima, peace.

“Come with us to build a reservoir,” Tolik suggested. - Don’t be shy, we won’t tease you...

Simya’s big eyes lit up, because it’s nice for a person when Mishka himself looks at him as an equal and is the first to offer his hand.

- Give him the album! - Keshka hissed in Mishka’s ear.

Mishka frowned and did not answer.

The brick dam was leaking. The water in the reservoir did not hold. The rivers tried to avoid it.

The guys were frozen, smeared, and even wanted to make a channel in the asphalt. But they were interrupted by a little old lady in a downy scarf.

She approached Sima and meticulously examined his coat and scarf.

“Button up, Sima!.. You’ll catch a cold again...” Then she looked at him affectionately and added: “Thank you for the gift.”

Sima blushed deeply and muttered, ashamed:

- Which present?..

- Album. - The old woman looked at the children, as if convicting them of complicity, and solemnly said: - “Dear teacher Maria Alekseevna, a good person.”

Sima blushed even deeper. He didn't know where to go, he was suffering.

- I didn’t write that...

- I wrote, I wrote! - Keshka suddenly clapped his hands. – He showed us this album, with ships...

Mishka stood next to Sima, looked at the old woman and said rather dully:

- Of course, he wrote... Only he is embarrassed by us - he thinks we will tease him with sycophants. Oddball!..

15.1 Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the famous linguist Valentina Danilovna Chernyak: “Emotional-evaluative words include words that are associated with the expression of any feeling, attitude towards a person, assessment of the subject of speech, situations and communication”

The famous linguist V.D. Chernyak writes about emotional-evaluative words that they are associated with feelings, attitude or assessment. I think that such words help us understand the characters and the author's intention. For example, in the text by R. P. Pogodin many such words are used. Let's say in sentence 13 Mishka says about Sim that he “got out.” This word shows us Mishka’s contemptuous attitude towards another hero. In sentence 16, he addresses Sima not by name, but very rudely: by the personal pronoun “you”. Next, he calls Sima a sycophant, says that he is sucking up - this also shows us his rudeness and contempt.

Emotional and expressive words make a literary work more expressive.

15.2 Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of sentences 55-56 of the text: “The bear stood up and began to take pictures from the guys. He collected all the sheets and put them back in the album."

In an excerpt from the work of R. P. Pogodin, we read about the relationship between children from the same yard. They didn't like one of the boys, so they suspected him of various nasty things: for example, that he was a sycophant. Without figuring it out, they take the album from Sima and sort out the pictures. Only after some time, their “leader” Mishka suddenly realizes that the album was intended for an old teacher who no longer works at the school (this is stated in sentence 52). And from sentences 53 and 54 it becomes clear why Sima wanted to thank her: she helped him study during a serious illness. When Misha realized this, he felt ashamed, and he began to take the pictures away from the guys and put them back in the album. From sentences 67-75 we understand that the guys gave Maria Alekseevna the drawings that Sima made for her.

These words mean that Misha knew how to admit his mistakes and correct them.

15.3 How do you understand the meaning of the word CONSCIENCE? Formulate and comment on the definition you have given. Write an essay-argument on the topic: “What is conscience?”, taking the definition you gave as the thesis.

Conscience is a person’s ability to realize that he is wrong; it restrains from doing a bad thing or reproaches if a person has already done wrong.

In an excerpt from the work of R.P. Pogodin, Mishka took away from Sima an album with drawings that he made for the teacher, but then Mishka realized that he was wrong. His conscience reproached him, and he decided to correct his mistake. I took the drawings from my friends and still gave them to the teacher.

Both in life and in literature, we often encounter situations in which a person experiences pangs of conscience. For example, in A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin,” the main character harshly judges himself for cowardice. Fearing public condemnation, Eugene went to a duel with a friend and accidentally killed him. Onegin punishes himself - sends him into exile.

Each person must act in accordance with the requirements of his conscience.